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哥本哈根大学Maersk实验楼,丹麦 / C.F. Møller Architects

  • 分享时间:2018-01-22
  • 分享者:guan-jf
  • 阅读次数:1160

摘要:Maersk大楼是一座先进的研究实验楼,其创新性的建筑设计为世界级的健康研究提供了理想场所,同时也使大楼本身成为哥本哈根的一座新地标。通过将哥本哈根大学与其周边区域乃至整个城市相连,Maersk大楼在场地中发挥了十分积极的作用。The Maersk Tower is a state-of-the-art r…

Maersk大楼是一座先进的研究实验楼,其创新性的建筑设计为世界级的健康研究提供了理想场所,同时也使大楼本身成为哥本哈根的一座新地标。通过将哥本哈根大学与其周边区域乃至整个城市相连,Maersk大楼在场地中发挥了十分积极的作用。

The Maersk Tower is a state-of-the-art research building whose innovative architecture creates the optimum framework for world-class health research, making it a landmark in Copenhagen. It aims to contribute positively by linking the University of Copenhagen with the surrounding neighbourhoods and wider city.

▼鸟瞰图,aerial


▼大楼基于低矮的星形基座而建,the Tower rests on a low star-shaped base that reaches out into the landscape towards the city

该项目是对哥本哈根大学健康及医学学院大楼(Panum楼)的一次扩建,建筑中包含先进的研究及教学设施,以及带有多间礼堂和会议室的会议中心。这座15层的研究大楼凭借独特且动态的曲线形态在校园中独树一帜,同时也使城市与北校区形成视觉上的连接。

The Tower is an extension of Panum, the University of Copenhagen’s Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, and contains both research and teaching facilities, as well as a conference centre with auditoriums and meeting rooms, connected to the latest technology. With its easily identifiable and dynamically curved shape, the 15 storey research tower stands as a sculptural linchpin for the University’s Faculty of Health Sciences, whilst equally forming a visible link between the city and the North Campus.

▼建筑外观,exterior view

▼15层的研究大楼凭借独特且动态的曲线形态在校园中独树一帜,the 15 storey research tower stands as a sculptural linchpin for the University’s Faculty of Health Sciences


为了打造世界级的研究大楼,建筑师需要设计出能够促进大众与研究群体相互聚集和交流的、超越学科界限的场所,从而为开创性的研究活动带来更多分享知识和灵感的机会。

In order to create architecture for world-class health research, it is important to design a venue which encourages many opportunities for coming together, transcending different disciplines, from the general public to the research community. This helps to communicate ongoing research activities, leading to knowledge sharing and inspiration for new and groundbreaking research.

▼入口广场,entrance square

▼景观优美的室外花园,the landscaped garden


透明而友好 | Transparent and welcoming

大楼基于一个向城市方向伸展的、低矮的星形基座而建,其中包含了共享式的公共设施,如演讲厅、教室、食堂、展示实验室、会议室以及书吧等。建筑的门厅也位于基座部分,入口大台阶像家具般置于室内,其柔和的木制表面邀请着人们随时坐下来歇息一会儿。

The Tower rests on a low star-shaped base that reaches out into the landscape towards the city. It contains shared and public facilities, such as lecture halls, classrooms, the canteen, show lab, conference rooms and the book café. The foyer can also be found in the base, where the entrance staircase stands like a piece of furniture in the room, with its warm wooden surface inviting you to pause on the elevated seating steps.

▼门厅位于基座部分,the foyer is located in the base


基座部分使大楼与既有的Panum综合楼相连,其中央空间形成了一个开放而动态的集会场所,使研究人员、学生和访客能够在通往不同区域的过程中相遇和汇集。精心布局的空间缩短了中心空间与其它空间的距离,为研究员和学生提供了更广阔的交互界面。

The base connects the functions of the existing Panum complex with the Maersk Tower. The central space of the base forms an open and dynamic gathering place where researchers, students and guests meet and cross paths while heading to and from their activities. A deliberate layout of the functions of the base ensures short distances from the central space, creating a bigger interface between researchers and students as they move around between the base’s various facilities.

▼中央空间形成了一个开放而动态的集会场所,the central space of the base forms an open and dynamic gathering place


基座的比例适应了与之相连的Panum综合楼的低矮体量。Panum大楼建立于1970年代,是粗野主义建筑的一项杰作,新建的Maersk大楼参考了它的色彩以及立面的韵律。相比于更为内向的Panum综合楼,新的建筑与城市结合得更为紧密,同时对公众形成友好的姿态。透明的立面使基座部分显得开放而友好,以大学公园为开端,每天都有大量的活动在这里进行。与此同时,建筑的透明性也使室内空间与室外的绿色景观更加和谐相融。

The proportions of the base are carefully adjusted to the lower buildings of the existing Panum complex, which the Maersk Tower connects to. The existing Panum complex, built in the 1970s, is considered to be a Brutalist masterpiece, and the Maersk Tower looks to refer to it clearly both in terms of colour and façade rhythm. But unlike the existing Panum complex, which appears introverted, the base of the Maersk Tower embraces the city and invites the public in. With its transparent façade, the entire base appears open and welcoming, and from Campus Park, you can follow the many activities going on in the base. At the same time this transparency allows the interior of the building to blend in with the external green landscape.

▼透明的立面使基座部分显得开放而友好,with its transparent façade, the entire base appears open and welcoming

▼顶楼的公共空间可以俯瞰哥本哈根的美景,from the top of the tower you will find a spectacular and inspiring view of Copenhagen’s cityscape

▼阶梯教室,lecture hall

▼实验室,laboratory

创新型研究的最佳条件 | Optimal conditions for innovative research

大楼内先进而现代的实验室包含了所有的研究设施。玻璃的运用使室内空间的可见度和透明度均得到了强调, 即插即用的功能设施则保证了研究的科学创新性和灵活性。大楼内的每层空间通过高效的环路彼此相连,缩短了人们花在路上的时间,同时也为团队合作提供了更多机会。形如雕塑的楼梯从视觉和实体上同时连接了15层高的开放式中庭,带来宏大而立体的空间感受。在每层楼的楼梯旁边都有一处名为“科学广场”的空间,作为员工们见面和交流的场所。透过建筑立面上的纵向玻璃窗,可以直接从外部看到旋转的楼梯以及科学广场,加上开放的基座部分,共同将壮观的城市视野引入建筑内部。

The Tower itself holds all research facilities, in innovative and modern laboratories. A considerable focus on visibility and transparency in research is underlined by the use of glass in the interior décor while plug-and-play functions ensures both scientific innovation and flexibility. On each floor the Tower’s functions are linked together in an efficient loop, which provides shorter travel distances and strengthens opportunities for teamwork. A continuous sculptural spiral staircase visually and physically connects the open fifteen floor atrium, creating an extensive three-dimensional sense of space. Close to the staircase on each floor there is an open and inviting “Science Plaza”, which serves as a natural meeting and communal space for the many employees. A large vertical shard of glass in the copper shutters of the façade, makes the spiral staircase and the Science Plazas visible externally and ensures, together with the open base, visibility in relation to the activities of the tower as well as a spectacular and inspiring view over Copenhagen.

▼形如雕塑的楼梯从视觉和实体上同时连接了15层高的开放式中庭,a continuous sculptural spiral staircase visually and physically connects the open fifteen floor atrium

▼宏大而立体的空间感受,an extensive three-dimensional sense of space

▼旋转楼梯细部,staircase

创新性的立面 | Innovative façade

建筑的立面覆盖着浮雕般的铜制百叶窗结构。铜材料的使用呼应了哥本哈根大量的铜制教堂尖塔,使建筑本身与城市景观形成更好的融合。百叶窗使立面呈现出富有深度的立体效果,打破了大块体量带来的厚重感,同时为建筑赋予一种细致优雅的纵向美感。

The façade of the Tower is divided into a relief-like grid structure of storey-height copper-covered shutters. The copper coating indelibly references to Copenhagen’s many copper church steeples, which, together with the Tower, poke up amidst the homogeneous cityscape. The shutters provide a deep relief effect to the facade, breaking down the considerable scale of the Tower. In their expression, they also offer a sense of fineness and verticality.

▼建筑的立面覆盖着浮雕般的铜制百叶窗结构,the façade of the Tower is divided into a relief-like grid structure of storey-height copper-covered shutters


百叶窗作为可移动的气候调节部件,能够根据天气状况自动地开启或闭合,确保了室内环境的舒适。其结构不仅能够阻挡太阳的直射,还能够通过带有小孔的表面对自然光进行过滤。建筑结构以及百叶窗的设计起到了良好的抗风作用,为基座部分的公园景观提供了舒适的微气候。

The shutters of the façade function as movable climate shields, which, depending on weather conditions, automatically opens or closes, ensuring a comfortable indoor climate. The shutters primarily shield against direct sunlight yet also allow daylight to filter through its fine-meshed perforations. The Tower’s form and shutter design contribute positively to removing the wind turbulence that can occur around tall buildings, ensuring a pleasant microclimate in the park landscape at the base of the Tower.

▼百叶窗能够根据天气状况自动地开启或闭合,the shutters of the façade automatically open or close depending on weather conditions

大学公园 | The Campus Park

塔楼式的建筑原型为大学公园的建设带来了契机,这是一个向所有人开放的、具有都市气息的公园,并且与周边社区融为一体。大学公园使整个学校得以通过环境优美的绿色空间与城市相连,不仅为研究人员和学生们提供了户外的学习空间和休闲空间,更成为一座全新的城市公园。

By selecting a tower typology, there is greater allowance for a green and urban campus park, which is open to everyone and therefore involves and develops the surrounding neighbourhood. With the Campus Park, the University opens itself to the local area in an attractively designed and varied green urban space, open to everyone. The Campus Park offers outdoor study and a recreational space for researchers and students, as well as a new public park.

▼公园鸟瞰,aerial

以Blegdamsvej大街为起点,大学公园可以通过草坪上的坡道直接进入。坡道经过了特别的设计,能够适应未来的天气变化:雨水可以从砖块之间的夹缝之间渗入,并被收集到一个巨大的蓄水池中。低层建筑的屋顶花园同样能够吸收大量的雨水。公园中过剩的雨水可被用于植物灌溉以及厕所冲洗等。

From Blegdamsvej, Campus Park is accessed via a landscaped apron with a grassy slope. The apron is designed so that it can cope with future climate change. Excess water seeps down between the tiles, where it is collected in a large reservoir. The rooftop gardens of the low buildings can also absorb extreme downpours. The surplus rain water from the park is used for example for the irrigation of the park and to flush the toilets in the building.

▼大学公园可以通过草坪上的坡道直接进入,Campus Park is accessed via a landscaped apron with a grassy slope

▼向所有人开放的大学公园与周边社区融为一体, the campus park is open to everyone and therefore involves and develops the surrounding neighbourhood

呈之字形蜿蜒的“悬浮步道”是大学公园中的一处亮点,可供人们步行或骑车穿越大楼。步道使公众与建筑及研究者的关系进一步拉近,同时也使Nørre Allé大街和Blegdamsvej大街相连。同样地,研究人员和学生们可以直接骑车从步道行至工作和学习地点,并将自行车停放在安有自动门的地下车库。室外也有大量的自行车停放空间。

A unique element of the new Campus Park is the zigzagging ‘floating path’ that leads pedestrians and cyclists across parts of the Maersk Tower. This allows the public the opportunity to get up close to the building and the researchers while at the same time, creating a new connection between Nørre Allé and Blegdamsvej. Similarly, researchers and students can cycle directly to work or school via a cycle path that feeds into a bicycle cellar, where the gate automatically opens as a cyclist approaches. In addition, there are plenty of outdoor bicycle parking spaces.

▼呈之字形蜿蜒的“悬浮步道”,the zigzagging ‘floating path’

可持续性 | Sustainability

Maersk大楼包含了丹麦最节能的实验室,在这里,废弃能源的循环利用已经达到了最高水准。可移动的立面系统和其它节能装置使该项目成为了节能实验楼的先驱案例,其最大的基础能源消耗量仅为40 kWh/m2,是传统实验大楼能耗的一半。

The Maersk Tower hosts Denmark’s most energy-efficient laboratories, where waste energy is recycled to a hitherto unprecedented level. This in combination with the movable heat shielding of the façade and other energy-saving measures, makes the building a pioneer of energy-efficient laboratory construction with a maximum primary consumption of only 40 kWh/m2. This corresponds to a halving of a traditional laboratory building.

▼夜景,night view

 

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